Exponents: What Are They? Sometimes, when we need to multiply a number many times, such as multiplying 2 by itself 100 times, writing each multiplication individually and performing the operation would not be practical. Instead, we use exponential notation to express such multiplications in a shorter form. Exponential expressions are shorthand for multiplying the same number repeatedly. Additionally,
What Are Irrational Numbers? Irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio (fraction) of two integers. Unlike rational numbers, they cannot be written as fractions where both the numerator and denominator are integers. These numbers are typically represented as decimal expansions that neither terminate nor repeat. Definition of Irrational Numbers Irrational numbers are numbers that are non-terminating
Rational Numbers In mathematics, the term “ratio” refers to the comparison of the sizes of two different quantities. For example, if there are three women for every one man in a class, the ratio of men to women is 1 to 3. Ratios are often written as fractions. In this example, the ratio of men to women is expressed as
Integers and Their Properties Integers are a set of numbers that include negative numbers, zero, and positive numbers. The set of integers is represented on the number line and allows us to compare the magnitude of numbers. Since the set of integers includes both positive and negative numbers, we consider not only their magnitude but also their sign. The set
Numeration System The numeration system is a structure used to represent numbers and numerical concepts. Humans use numbers to express quantities, making it essential to understand the difference between numbers and digits. A number represents a quantity, while a digit is the symbol used to display that number. Number and Digit Number Sets Numbers are grouped into sets based on
Sets and Set Theory In the world of mathematics, everything is divided into groups known as sets. Analyzing sets mathematically provides a great opportunity to understand how mathematics can be used to describe the world around us. A set is a collection of objects, also called elements or members. The elements of a set can be numbers, shapes, or even
The process of solving mathematical problems is similar to developing strategies to overcome obstacles encountered in real life. When we face a “problem,” we explore different solution paths and focus on the essential aspects by disregarding unnecessary information. This process requires reasoning. The probability of each choice resulting in a positive or negative outcome depends on the context, conditions, and
Matter and Its Properties Matter is anything that has mass, occupies space, and consists of particles. This definition, which may seem complex at first, becomes clearer when the fundamental concepts are explained. Examples of Matter: Air, Iron, Water, Oxygen, Wood, Gold, Copper, Stone, Soil Non-Matter: Light, Sound, Energy, Shadow, Wind, Heat, Temperature, Time Mass Mass refers to the total amount
History of Trigonometry Trigonometry is known to have been used during the ancient Egyptian period, which dates back before Christ. However, the founder of trigonometry is considered to be Battani. Battani lived in the Harran district of Şanlıurfa, Turkey, and used the concepts of sine and cosine while performing astronomical calculations. Furthermore, Battani was the first scientist to prove the
The History of Avogadro’s Law Avogadro’s Law was proposed in 1811 by the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro. According to his hypothesis: Three years later, Ampère published a paper with similar ideas, replacing the term “molecule” with “particle.” In 1826, Dumas determined atomic weights from the densities of gases, further supporting the validity of Avogadro’s Law. However, Avogadro’s hypothesis was largely